Microplastics, defined as plastic particles smaller than 5 mm, have become a significant environmental pollutant due to their widespread presence in terrestrial, aquatic, and atmospheric ecosystems.

Sources of microplastics include primary particles designed for industrial use and secondary particles formed from degrading larger plastics. Improper management of municipal solid waste exacerbates their environmental impact, leading to their persistence and dispersion through landfill leachate and runoff.

Potential health effects are linked to DNA and cellular damage, chronic inflammation, immune responses, and an increased risk of chronic diseases.

Author: Aysan Morovvati